BCA 2nd Sem Notes -Declaration and Initialization of strings

• UNIT-I (Array)

Definition

Declaration & initialization of 1D 

Accessing array elements

Displaying array elements

Sorting arrays

Arrays and function

Declaration & initialization of 1D

Accessing and Displaying

Memory representation of array [Row Major, Column Major]

Multidimensional array

UNIT-II (Pointers)

Definition

Declaration & initialization

Indirection operator

address of operator

pointer arithmetic

dynamic memory allocation

arrays and pointers

function and pointers

UNIT-III (Strings)

Definition

Declaration & initialization

standard library            function strlen()

  strlen(),strcpy(),       strcat() ,strcmp()

Implementation without using standard library functions

UNIT-IV (Structures)

Definition

Declaration & initialization

Accessing fields

structure operations

Nested structures

Union: Definition  declaration

Differentiate between Union and structure

UNIT-V                                     (C Pre-processor)

Definition
Macro substitution directives
File inclusion directives
Conditional compilation
Bitwise Operators
Shift operators
Masks
Bitfield

UNIT-VI                                (File Handling)

Definition of Files,
Opening modes of files
Standard function
fopen(), fclose(),             feof()  fseek(),                    fewind()
Using text files
fgetc(), fputc(), fscanf()

Declaration and Initialization of strings

Declaring an array of strings this way is rather tedious, that’s why C provides an alternative syntax to achieve the same thing. This above initialization is equivalent to:

har ch_arr[3][10] = {

                         "spike",

                         "tom",

                         "jerry"

                     };

The first subscript of the array i.e 3 denotes the number of strings in the array and the second subscript denotes the maximum length of the string. Recall the that in C, each character occupies 1 byte of data, so when the compiler sees the above statement it allocates 30 bytes (3*10) of memory.

the initialization of a string variable,

Char first_name[15]="ARYAN";

Char first_name[15]={'A','R','Y','A','N','\0'};//null character '\0' is required at end in declaration

char string1[6]="hello"; /* string size ='h'+'e'+'l'+'l'+'o'+'\0'=6*/*

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